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Fertilization is theprocess by which male and female gametes are fused together, initiating the development of a new organism. The male gamete or 鈥檚perm鈥? and the female gamete, 鈥檈gg鈥?or 鈥檕vum鈥?are specialized sex cells, which fuse together to begin the formation of a zygote during a process called sexual reproduction.

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In plants, fertilization is a process of sexual reproduction, which occurs after pollination and germination. Fertilization can be defined as the fusion of the male gametes (pollen) with the female gametes (ovum) to form a diploid zygote. It is a physicochemical process which occurs after the pollination of the carpel.

Fertilization Process. In mammals, after ejaculation, the sperm locates the oocyte (the immature egg), through changes in temperature and chemical gradients. Sperm chemotaxis, a type of interaction in which sperm cells are guided to the oocyte to the hormone progesterone, which is secreted by the oocyte, and sperm thermotaxis,…

The result of fertilization is a cell (zygote) capable of undergoing cell division to form a new individual. The fusion of two gametes initiates several reactions in the egg. One of these causes a change in the egg membrane(s), so that the attachment of and penetration by more than one spermatozoon cannot occur.

Alternative Titles: fusion, syngamy. Fertilization, union of a spermatozoal nucleus, of paternal origin, with an egg nucleus, of maternal origin, to form the primary nucleus of an embryo.